OET Reading Part C – Model Test-Renal Transplantation Surgery
Renal Transplantation Surgery Paragraph 1 Renal transplantation is a life-saving specialty that offers both technical and intellectual challenges. In the United Kingdom, transplant centres perform thousands of kidney transplants each year. Because many patients remain on waiting lists for long periods, there is a continuing need for more transplant surgeons and more donor organs. Paragraph 2 Several developments aim to increase the availability of donor kidneys. These include xenotransplantation (using animal organs), non-heart-beating donors, and living related donor transplantation. Advances in immunosuppressive drugs and genetic engineering have made xenotransplantation more realistic, although it remains largely experimental. Paragraph 3 Living related kidney donation has become increasingly common. The introduction of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy allows surgeons to remove a donor kidney through small incisions. Compared with open surgery, this technique may reduce p...