FACE VALIDITY
One way to evaluate new instruments is to consider the extent to which the content of test items matches the clinical description of the condition (i.e., face validity). While face validity is not considered to be the optimal indicator of a test's quality, it can nevertheless be beneficial as a preliminary check. A face validity evaluation of test items is usually undertaken in the early stages of test construction, typically by a small group of independent raters. Although this approach is subjective and depends largely on the views and interpretation of each panel member and the panel composition itself , face validity checks may have beneficial outcomes (e.g., identify potential problems with test items that can then be reviewed psychometrically). This is particularly so when undertaken by a panel of experts or individuals with personal experience, especially for tests of new conditions or tests containing previously unexamined scale items .
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